关键词: 2.5')">PM_2.5, 人口暴露, 暴露剂量, 普通克里格, 暴露受体, 时空演变, 人群响应, 北京市

Abstract:

In recent years, PM_2.5 has become one of the main pollutants in the haze outbreak. The risk of long-term exposure to PM_2.5 of high concentration may greatly increase the risk of disease and endanger the physical and mental health of residents. In this study, Beijing was taken as the research area where air pollution was serious and the population was highly concentrated. Based on the data of PM_2.5 concentration, the grid data of population spatial distribution, and the long-term respiratory volume of different populations in Beijing in 2019, an assessment model of PM_2.5 population exposure was established. Furthermore, the spatial distribution characteristics of PM_2.5 population exposure intensity and the differences of exposure-response among different populations in Beijing in 2019 were analyzed. The results show that: (1) In 2019, the PM_2.5 concentration in Beijing is the highest in winter, and the daily average concentration is 48.89 μg/m³, which shows an overall trend of low in the north and high in the south; (2) There are significant spatial differences in PM_2.5 population exposure, and the PM_2.5 exposure of different populations shows an overall trend of weakening from the center of the city to the surrounding areas, and the high exposure areas were mainly concentrated in urban areas; (3) There are obvious spatial differences in the exposure intensity of PM_2.5 population in different gender and age groups, and there were also significant differences in the response of PM_2.5 exposure among different populations in the city; (4) The exposure risk of PM_2.5 was not entirely determined by the concentration of pollutants, but by the concentration of pollution sources and exposure receptors, the high-risk area of population exposure to PM_2.5 in Beijing urban area was the high-risk area, and it was the core area for the government to effectively prevent and control pollution hazards in the future.

Key words: 2.5')">PM_2.5, population exposure, exposure doses, ordinary Kriging, exposure receptor, spatio-temporal evolution, populations response, Beijing