关键词: 气候舒适度, 时空分布特征, 温湿指数, 地理加权回归, 地表温度, 大气可降水量, MODIS, 中国

Abstract:

Climate comfort level has great significance to human activities and regional suitability assessment, and temperature humidity index is important for climate comfort evaluation. Traditional temperature-humidity index is obtained based on the observed data from some sations, which cannot reflect the spatio-temporal characteristics of climate comfort in large-scale areas. In this paper, the modified temperature humidity index model is proposed using Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) from 2005 to 2018 retrieved from MODIS. Using this new index, the spatio-temporal characteristics of climate comfort level in China are calculated and analyzed. The results are shown as follows: (1) The GWR method is used to fit the surface temperature and air temperature. The fitting accuracy (Adjusted R² = 0.90~0.98, RMSE = 0.14~1.89 ℃) is ideal, which indicates that LST, NDVI, and DEM are used as the independent variables for geographical weight Regression analysis can more accurately fit the air temperature; (2) The statistical results of the annual average temperature and humidity index from 2005 to 2018 show that the cumulative number of comfortable months in Yunnan Province is the most, up to 167 months, and the central provinces are relatively comfortable compared to the southeast coastal provinces, and the difference between the highest comfort months can reach 41 months. The spatial distribution of China's average annual comfort level is basically the same. Except for parts of Xinjiang, Tibet, and the northeast, the comfort level in China is from south to north, and the comfort level changes from comfortable to cold. Judging from the changes in the area of each comfort level, the national comfort level showed a trend from cold to comfortable from 2005 to 2018; (3) The month with largest comfortable area in 2018 is May, followed by October. Uncomfortable months are concentrated in January and July when the country is extremely cold or hot. The spatial distribution characteristics of spring and autumn are similar, showing a gradual decreasing trend from southeast to northwest; except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, summer and winter show a decreasing trend from south to north. The comfort zone is mainly concentrated in low-latitude and middle-altitude areas.

Key words: climate comfort level, spatiotemporal distribution, temperature-humidity index, geographically weighted regression, land surface temperature, precipitable water vapor, MODIS, China