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摘要： 静止卫星凭借其宽覆盖、高时效、机动灵活的特点,在国家减灾救灾业务中有着独特的应用优势。在回顾国内外静止卫星发展的基础上,总结其光学成像传感器在灾害监测预警中的应用现状和存在的问题。基于静止卫星及其载荷现有研制基础,从灾害管理各阶段应用需求出发,分析光学成像静止卫星在减灾中的应用潜力。根据减灾救灾实际业务和应用需求,分别从卫星工作模式、观测频次以及光学图像的几何性能、光谱范围、辐射性能等5个方面提出对静止卫星的技术指标要求,为推动我国的防灾减灾光学成像静止卫星建设提供借鉴。 关键词： 静止卫星;  减灾;  光学遥感     Abstract: With the characteristics of wide coverage,high observation frequency and flexibility,geostationary satellite has unique advantages in the national disaster reduction and relief.By detailed review on the development of optical geostationary satellite worldwide,the application status on geostationary satellite for disaster monitoring and early warning,as well as existing problems are discussed in this paper.From the perspective of the practical demands on each phase of disaster management,the potential applications of optical imaging geostationary satellites for disaster reduction are analyzch based on the observation capacities of geostationary satellite and its payloads at present stage.Accounting to the operational implementation requirements for disaster mitigation and relief,the skills and technical capabilities of geostationary satellite are investigated in terms of working mode of satellite,temporal resolution,geometric properties,spectral range and radiation performance,which can support and benefit to the construction of our countrys geostationary satellites for the purpose of disaster prevention and mitigation.

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