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  • 软件名称:数字表面模型(DSM)参数指示林窗特征的有效性研究
  • 软件大小: 0.00 B
  • 软件评级: ★★★
  • 开 发 商: 赵亮,刘宇,罗勇
  • 软件来源: 《遥感技术与应用》
  • 解压密码:www.gissky.net

资源简介

摘要: 林窗的空间格局不仅对林下物种多样性有重要作用,而且也是量化不同林型结构特征的重要指标。近年来,灵活便捷的小型无人机航拍技术的快速发展为获取高分辨率的森林冠层三维结构信息提供了可低成本获取的途径。利用航拍影像提取林窗斑块来计算景观指数是描述林窗格局有效的传统方法,但提取细小林窗往往难度大,尤其是在需要处理大量航拍数据时会大大增加时间成本。基于无人机航拍的RGB影像,在三维建模获取的高精度数字表面模型(DSM)的基础上建立森林高差模型(DSMr),进而提出基于高差模型的信息熵(H)、标准差(STD)、偏度系数(SK)、峰度系数(EK)、纹理参数(GLCM,GLDV)来快速反映林窗空间分布格局的方法,并以黄土高原中部恢复较好的天然林和北部人工刺槐林窗数据检验其有效性。研究结果显示:SK、EK、GLCM、GLDV与林窗格局指数有一定的相关性,两类样方DSMr的SK和EK均与边界密度(ED)显著负相关,SK与斑块密度指数(PD)呈现出显著负相关关系,纹理参数均与景观形状指数(LSI)显著正相关。因此,DSMr参数能有效指示林窗的结构和分布格局,为林窗的生态过程与效应研究提供了更加快捷的变量。 关键词: 无人机;  三维建模;  高精度数字表面模型;  林窗;  格局指数;  相对数字高差模型     Abstract: Spatial pattern of forest gap mitigates the diversity of understory species, and is also an effective structural indicator to quantify the characteristics of forest types. Recently, the rapid development of photography technology combined with flexible and convenient small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) provides a low-cost way to obtain high-resolution and 3D structural information of forest canopies. Traditionally, the pattern metrics describing the pattern of the forest gaps was calculated based on the gap mapping by using aerial imagery . However, it is difficult to extract small forest gaps, especially when it is necessary to process a large amount of aerial data, which will greatly increase the time cost. Based on the RGB images acquired from UAV aerial photography, the relative height model (DSMr) was established on the basis of high-resolution Digital Surface Model (DSM) constructed by 3D modeling. We put forward a method that can quickly reflect the spatial distribution pattern of forest gaps based on the parameters including information entropy (H), standard deviation (STD), skewness coefficient (SK), kurtosis coefficient (EK) and texture parameter (GLCM,GLDV) of the DSMr. Then the validity of metrics are tested by using the forest gap data of a well restored natural forest site a in the central Loess Plateau and a forest site shaped by plantations (Robinia pseudoacacia) in the north Loess Plateau. The results showed that the SK, EK, GLCM and GLDV have a positive correlation with the traditional pattern indices of forest gap. Both the SK and EK are significantly negatively correlated with the edge density index (ED); the SK is negatively correlated with the patch density (PD). The texture parameters are positively correlated with landscape shape index (LSI). In summary, DSMr parameters can effectively indicate the structure and distribution pattern of forest gaps, and the quantification of three-dimensional structure of forest gaps provides more readily available variables for researches of forest gaps.

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